摘要: |
目的 分析精神分裂症患者住院时间的影响因素。方法 采用整群抽样方法,回顾2018年
1 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日在无锡市精神卫生中心住院精神分裂症患者的电子病历系统,收集基本资料和
临床资料,包括性别、年龄、工作、户口、监护人、住院付费方式、诊断分型、共病情况、住院次数、病程
及住院时间。采用无序多分类 Logistic 回归分析不同住院时间的影响因素。结果 共调查 1 063 例患
者,平均年龄(49.97±15.58)岁,以男性(566例,53.25%)、失业(943例,88.71%)、城镇户口(916例,86.17%)、
病程>5年(809例,76.11%)、住院>3次者(594例,55.87%)、偏执型分裂症(619例,58.23%)、共病躯体疾病
(590例,55.5%)居多,以医保支付住院治疗费用者895例(84.2%)。其中住院时间≤1个月占20.79%(221例);>
1~3 个月占 34.34%(365 例);> 3~< 12 个月占 11.00%(117 例);≥ 12 个月占 33.87%(360 例)。回归分
析显示,男性(OR=1.913,95%CI:1.326~2.759;OR=2.835,95%CI:1.717~4.679;OR=4.341,95%CI:
2.782~6.772)、失业(OR=1.735,95%CI:1.082~2.780;OR=5.988,95%CI:2.376~15.087;OR=3.960,
95%CI:1.901~8.248)、医 保 付 费(OR=2.747,95%CI:1.820~4.145;OR=7.565,95%CI:3.502~16.342;
OR=14.531,95%CI:6.430~32.839)是住院时间> 1~3 个月、> 3~< 12 个月和≥ 12 个月的共性影响因
素;无核心照料者(OR=2.087,95%CI:1.178~3.696;OR=4.173,95%CI:2.539~6.856)、住院次数> 3 次
(OR=1.775,95%CI:1.095~2.878;OR=4.272,95%CI:2.748~6.641)是住院时间> 3 个月的危险因素;年
龄≥ 50 岁(OR=2.290,95%CI:1.407~3.729)、病程> 5 年(OR=5.555,95%CI:2.749~11.228)、共病躯体疾
病(OR=2.034,95%CI:1.301~3.181)是住院时间≥ 12 个月的危险因素。结论 精神分裂症患者住院时
间普遍较长,男性、失业、医保付费、无核心照料者、住院次数> 3 次、病程> 5 年、年龄≥ 50 岁和共病躯
体疾病与住院时间延长及长期住院密切相关。 |
关键词: 精神分裂症 住院时间 影响因素 |
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-6574.2020.12.004 |
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基金项目:南京医科大学科技发展基金项目(2017NJMU179) |
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Analysis of influencing factors of length of hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia |
Hou Mingru,
Wang Jun, Li Xianwen |
() |
Abstract: |
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of different length of hospitalization in
patients with schizophrenia. Methods Cluster sampling was used to review the electronic medical record
system for schizophrenia inpatients admitted to Wuxi Mental Health Center from January 1 to December 31 in
2018. Basic and clinical data were collected, including gender, age, job, household registration, guardian,
payment method for hospitalization, diagnostic classification, comorbidities, length of hospitalization.
Disordered multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the different length
of hospitalization. Results A total of 1 063 inpatients were investigated, with average age (49.97±15.58)
years, male (566, 53.25%), unemployment (943, 88.71%), urban registered permanent residence (916,
86.17%), course of disease more than 5 years (809, 76.11%), number of hospitalizations more than 3 times
(594, 55.87%), paranoid schizophrenia (619, 58.23%), comorbid somatic disease (590, 55.5%), and medical
insurance payment (895,84.2%). 20.79% of the subjects were hospitalized for less than 1 month (221 cases)more than 1 month and less than 3 months accounted for 34.34% (365 cases); more than 3 months and less than
12 months accounted for 11.00% (117 cases); at least 12 months accounted for 33.87% (360 cases). Regression
analysis showed that male (OR=1.913, 95%CI:1.326-2.759;OR=2.835, 95%CI:1.717-4.679; OR=4.341,
95%CI:2.782-6.772), unemployment (OR=1.735, 95%CI:1.082-2.780; OR=5.988, 95%CI:2.376-
15.087; OR=3.960, 95%CI:1.901-8.248), medical insurance payment (OR=2.747, 95%CI:1.820-4.145;
OR=7.565, 95%CI:3.502-16.342; OR=14.531, 95%CI:6.430-32.839) were the common influencing factors
of hospitalization length more than 1 and less than 3 months, more than 3 months and less than 12 months, and
at least 12 months. Non-core caregivers (OR=2.087, 95%CI:1.178-3.696; OR=4.173, 95%CI:2.539-6.856),
and more than 3 times of hospitalization (OR=1.775, 95%CI:1.095-2.878; OR=4.272, 95%CI:2.748-
6.641) were important risk factors for hospitalization length more than 3 months. Age more than 50 years old
(OR=2.290, 95%CI:1.407-3.729), course of disease more than 5 years (OR=5.555, 95%CI:2.749-11.228),
comorbid somatic disease (OR=2.034, 95%CI:1.301-3.181) were independent risk factors for hospitalization
duration at least 12 months. Conclusions The length of hospitalization of schizophrenic patients are generally
longer. Male, unemployment, medical insurance payment, non-core caregivers, hospitalization times more than
3 times, course of disease more than 5 years, age more than or equal to 50 years old, and comorbid somatic
disease are closely related to the length of hospitalization and long-term hospitalization. |
Key words: Schizophrenia Length of hospitalization Influencing factors |